Badge

Object Name:

Badge

Object ID:

2025.016.11

Creator:

Whitehead & Hoag Company -- Manufacturer

Place of Origin:

Newark, NJ

Date:

circa 1935

Description:

Badge with bronze-colored metal pinback containing an inserted piece of paper upon which is written, "JOHN L SULLIVAN" in ink. Back of pinback has raised lettering of manufacturer: "WHITEHEAD-HOAG / NEWARK, N.J." Face of pinback has raised relief design of equestrian statue of St. Louis, with banners beneath reading, "ST. LOUIS, MO. BIRTHPLACE OF THE AMERICAN LEGION". Suspended from pinback is an olive, black, and rainbow-striped silk ribbon to which is attached a bronze-colored metal rectangle with a relief design of a cradle flanked by two fasces, with text below reading "IN HONOR OF THE / MEN WHO AT THE / SAINT-LOUIS CAUCUS / MAY 1919 / FOUNDED THE / AMERICN LEGION." Below text is a raised emblem of the American Legion between banners reading "1919 and "1935". On reverse of metal rectangle is a raised design of a laurel branch, boxed text reading, "17th / NATIONAL / CONVENTION / SAINT LOUIS / MO. / SEPT. 23rd 26th / 1935". At bottom edges is small raised lettering to the manufacture, the Whitehead and Hoag Company.

Material:

Bronze
Enamel
Silk

Dimensions:

H-4.125 W-1.875 D-0.25 inches

Provenance:

Badge owned by John L. Sullivan (1899-1982), passed to his daughter, Patricia Meyers. John L. Sullivan (1899-1982) was born and raised in Manchester. He entered Dartmouth College in 1917, and registered for the draft on September 12, 1918. He enlisted in the U.S. Navy on October 1, 1918 and was discharged on December 21, 1918. Returning to Dartmouth, he graduated in 1921, and then in 1924 he earned a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School. Sullivan joined his father's law firm, Sullivan & White, and in 1928 was elected Solicitor of Hillsborough County, which began his political career. Eventually becoming the head of his own law firm of Sullivan & Sullivan, he twice ran unsuccessfully for governor, in 1934 and 1938. Interestingly, his political career in New Hampshire coincided with his involvement in the American Legion. Starting in 1928 and continuing through 1939 he attended every American Legion annual convention in New Hampshire. For the first half of this era the meetings took place at Weirs Beach, but in the latter 1930s were hosted by other communities from Berlin down to Manchester. During this time Sullivan also attended American Legion national conventions in Chicago (1933), St. Louis (1935), Cleveland (1936), and New York (1937). In 1939 he moved to Washington, D.C., for a succession of federal positions, most notably Assistant Secretary of the Treasury from 1940 to 1944, Assistant Secretary of the Navy (AIR) from 1945 to 1946, Under Secretary of the Navy from 1946 to 1947, and finally Secretary of the Navy from September 17, 1947 until May 24, 1949. He resigned on that day in protest following the Secretary of Defense cancelling construction of the aircraft carrier USS United States.

Returning to New Hampshire, Sullivan resumed his law practiced and also pushed for Truman to run for reelection before he announced his withdrawal on March 29, 1952. That summer Sullivan attended the American Legion's national convention in New York as a distinguished guest, which accounts for the final badge in the group.

Credit Line:

Gift of the Sullivan Family

People:

Sullivan, John L. (1899-1982)

Subjects:

American Legion, Military, Fraternal organizations, World War I, Veterans